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SQL Trace causes trace files to be produced by Oracle Database. Various items of interest are generated into trace files. This information comprises details of CPU and I/O needs plus parsing and execution information, processed rows, commits, and rollbacks. The output in trace files is more or less impossible to interpret by hand. Setting up [...]
Written by admin on December 29th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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There are number of reasons due to which run time errors may be raised during the execution of a PL/SQL block. With PL/SQL, a mechanism called exception handling lets you “bulletproof” your program so that it can continue operating in the presence of errors. When an error occurs, an exception is raised; normal execution is [...]
Written by admin on December 21st, 2010 with comments disabled.
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RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System.In RDBMS data is structured in database tables, fields and records.RDBMS store the data into collection of tables, which might be related by common fields (database table columns). RDBMS also provide relational operators to manipulate the data stored into the database tables. Most RDBMS use SQL as database query [...]
Written by admin on December 21st, 2010 with comments disabled.
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Pseudocolumns are not really columns in a table; they just have characteristics of columns. These pseudocolumns will return values when referenced just like real table columns. However, you cannot do any other DML or DDL statements on these pseudocolumns. Pseudocolumns are primarily used to give the programmer more tools to use in his code. They [...]
Written by admin on December 18th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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SGA_TARGET Specifies the total size of all SGA components. If SGA_TARGET is specified, then the buffer cache (DB_CACHE_SIZE), Java pool (JAVA_POOL_SIZE), large pool (LARGE_POOL_SIZE), and shared pool (SHARED_POOL_SIZE) memory pools are automatically sized.Before you increase the size of your SGA, you must understand the effects on the physical memory of your system. If you increase [...]
Written by admin on December 6th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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The init.ora file in oracle database determines Oracle operating system environment attributes, such as memory allocated for statements, memory allocated for data,and other crucial performance-related parameters. In Oracle 10g there are now 1381 different initialization parameters .We will focuses on the key parameters that affect database performance. The key to an optimized Oracle database is [...]
Written by admin on December 6th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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When creating tables and indexes, note the following: 1. Specify automatic segment-space management for tablespaces This allows Oracle to automatically manage segment space for best performance. 2.Set storage options carefully Applications should carefully set storage options for the intended use of the table or index. This includes setting the value for PCTFREE. Note that using [...]
Written by admin on December 6th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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The PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET specifies the total amount of session PGA memory that Oracle will attempt to allocate across all sessions. PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET was introduced in Oracle 9i and should be used in place of the *_SIZE parameters such as SORT_AREA_SIZE. Also, in Oracle 9i, the PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET parameter does not automatically configure ALL*_SIZE parameters. For example, both the [...]
Written by admin on December 5th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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The redo log buffer is a circular buffer in the SGA that holds information about changes made to the database. This information is stored in redo entries. Redo entries contain the information necessary to reconstruct, or redo, changes made to the database by INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, ALTER, or DROP operations. Redo entries are used [...]
Written by admin on December 5th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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The buffer cache is part of the System Global area(SGA). It holds copies of data blocks so as they can be accessed quicker by oracle than by reading them off disk. For many types of operations, Oracle uses the buffer cache to store blocks read from disk. Oracle bypasses the buffer cache for particular operations, [...]
Written by admin on December 5th, 2010 with comments disabled.
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